Expiration dates in the United States: how do they work?

In Italy and Europe, the issue of expiration dates and proper food storage receives a great deal of attention and is governed by very precise rules. In the United States, however, regulations follow different principles, which often creates uncertainty among Italian tourists during their first experience in the States.

To offer maximum clarity to our customers, we summarize below how the American system works when it comes to labeling and dates on packaging.

In the United States, which products must display an expiration date?

In the United States, regulation is entrusted to two bodies:

• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which legislates on food and pharmaceutical products
• The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), responsible for meat, poultry and some egg products.

Neither imposes dating obligations; the law therefore does not expressly require that the expiration date be shown on the food. The only exception is for infant formula, on whose packaging it is mandatory to indicate a "use by" date as the nutrients could deteriorate over time, compromising the safety of the product.

Why then do we find dates on many American products?

Companies may voluntarily enter time indications, in accordance with FDA and USDA guidelines. These dates are intended to help the consumer focus on freshness and quality, not on product safety.

This is because in the US, unlike Europe, most foods are considered safe even after the indicated date if stored properly, although the taste or texture may change

The most common voluntary indications are:

• "Sell by" → date by which the store should sell the product
• "Best if used by" → period within which the product maintains the highest quality
• "Use before" → suggestion on consumption to best preserve taste and texture.

The prerogatives of individual states

It should also be noted that some American states have their own regulations. For example, for dairy products or shellfish, some states may require the date to be shown. However, these laws vary greatly depending on the area you are in.

Expiration dates in the United States: in conclusion

In conclusion, in the United States, "expired" does not automatically mean "unsafe", except for highly perishable foods (such as sliced meats, dairy products or ready-made meals) and infant formula.

Still not sure? Contact us with no obligation!